Cash Flow metric

FCF Yield

Compares annual free cash flow with the company's market value.

Formula

FCF Yield = Free Cash Flow / Market Capitalization x 100%

Worked example$1.0 billion of FCF divided by a $20 billion market capitalization gives a 5% FCF yield.

Calculation steps

  1. Find annual or trailing FCF: $1.0 billion.
  2. Find current market capitalization: $20 billion.
  3. Divide and multiply by 100 to get 5%.

How to interpret it

A higher yield can indicate a cheaper valuation or greater perceived risk. Sustainability matters more than one year's result.

Industry context

Use peers with similar cyclicality and capital requirements. For leveraged comparisons, enterprise-value-based cash yields may add context.

Common mistakes

  • Do not annualize an unusual quarter blindly.
  • Keep market capitalization current.
  • Check whether temporary working-capital benefits inflated FCF.